名词和动词词典不同地预测普通话说话的孩子的后期语法发展,有或没有晚期语言的出现
Huei-Mei Liu1,2, Feng-Ming Tsao3, Chun-Yi Lin4
1Department of Special Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|August 24, 2023
概括
在普通话儿童中,早期的词汇预测了语法技能. 对于典型的语言学习者来说,动词是关键,而对于那些语言出现迟 (LLE) 的人来说,名词是未来语言发展的关键预测因素.
科学领域:
- 发展心理语言学
- 儿童语言习得 儿童语言习得
- 语音和语言病理学
背景情况:
- 早期的词汇发展是后来的语言和认知技能的关键预测因素.
- 了解语法的词汇预测因素对于识别有语言延迟风险的儿童至关重要.
- 讲普通话的儿童提供了一个独特的语言背景,用于研究早期语言发展.
研究的目的:
- 研究早期名词,动词和形容词大小如何预测普通话儿童以后的语法结果.
- 为了比较这些预测关系在儿童与典型的语言发展与那些晚期语言出现 (LLE).
- 利用家长报告的措施来评估早期的词汇和语法复杂性.
主要方法:
- 使用普通话-中文沟通发展目录-台湾 (MCDI-T) 主报告进行了两项研究.
- 研究1:24通常在24个月和36个月发育普通话儿童.
- 研究2:23个普通话儿童在24个,36个和48个月时患有LLE. 计算了词典大小和语法复杂性.
主要成果:
- 在典型发育的儿童中,24个月的动词词典大小预测了36个月的语法复杂性.
- 在患有LLE的儿童中,24个月的名词词典大小预测了36个月的语法复杂性.
- 对于患有LLE的儿童,36个月的名词词典大小也预测了48个月的语法复杂性.
结论:
- 名词和动词词典的大小差异性地预测了普通话说话的孩子在LLE和没有LLE的后期语法结果.
- 患有LLE的儿童可能表现出不同的语法学习路径,可能与早期动词词典大小有关.
- 这些发现凸显了早期词汇资料在理解语言发展轨迹方面的重要性.
相关概念视频
Language Development
395
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
395
Components of Language
317
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
317
Language and Cognition
374
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
374
Genetic Lingo
103.2K
Overview
103.2K
Language
249
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
249


