异质环境法规对就业技能结构的影响:系统-GMM方法和调解模型
Yuhan Jing1, Mingzhao Hu2, Lingdi Zhao1
1School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
PloS one
|August 24, 2023
概括
环境法规对就业技能结构的影响因类型而异 (指挥控制,市场激励,自愿). 工业绿色转型调解了这些影响,为政策提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
背景情况:
- 环境监管影响劳动力市场,但研究往往忽视了各种监管工具及其对不同技能水平的影响.
- 现有的研究缺乏综合环境法规,工业绿色转型和就业技能结构的综合框架.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同类型的环境法规 (指挥和控制,市场激励,自愿) 对就业技能结构的异质影响.
- 调查工业绿色转型在环境法规与就业技能结构之间的关系中的调解作用.
- 为中国提供有关工业绿色转型,污染减缓和就业优化政策建议.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个统一的分析框架,包括环境法规,工业绿色转型和就业技能结构.
- 将环境法规分为指挥和控制,市场激励和自愿类型.
- 分析了国家和地区数据,以评估法规的影响和绿色转型的调解作用.
主要成果:
- 命令和控制和市场激励法规显示了与全国就业技能结构的U形关系,其强度低于转折点. 自愿性法规与积极相关.
- 区域分析显示,中国中部和西部的国家趋势一致. 中国东部显示出市场激励和自愿类型的互惠U形关系.
- 工业绿色转型部分调解了市场-激励-就业技能结构联系,但抑制了指挥控制和自愿联系.
结论:
- 环境法规对就业技能结构产生复杂,多样化的影响,因法规类型和地区而异.
- 工业绿色转型是一个关键的调解者,影响环境政策对就业的有效性.
- 调查结果支持有针对性的政策干预,以利用工业绿色转型来控制污染和优化就业.
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