家庭干预措施在中国减少盐分的影响:集群随机对照试验
Xiaochang Zhang1,2,3, Puhong Zhang, Danyang Shen4
1Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
概括
一项以社区为基础的干预措施有效地减少了中国家庭的盐摄入量和血压. 该计划针对家庭厨师,显示了与减少盐分相关的知识,态度和行为显著改善.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 预防心血管疾病 预防心血管疾病
背景情况:
- 高盐摄入量是全球高血压和心血管疾病的主要危险因素.
- 家庭对饮食盐的总体消费有很大贡献,特别是在中国.
- 需要有效的干预措施,以家庭层面的盐分减少为目标.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于社区的盐分减少干预对中国家庭厨师和家庭成员盐分摄入量和血压的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机对照试验在中国六个省份的60个社区进行.
- 干预组接受了为期12个月的计划,包括教育,环境支持和盐摄入量监测.
- 对照组没有接受任何干预. 盐摄入量通过24小时尿液分泌量来测量.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,干预组的24小时尿液分泌量显著减少,减少了336.8毫克/24小时 (P=0.002).
- 在干预组中观察到压缩性血压 (-2.0 mm Hg) 和压缩性血压 (-1.1 mm Hg) 的显著降低.
- 干预参与者对减少盐的知识,态度和行为有了显著的改善.
结论:
- 针对家庭厨师和家庭的社区干预有效地减少了盐的摄入量和降低了血压.
- 这种干预措施有可能在中国和其他家庭盐消费量高的地区得到广泛应用.
- 家庭层面的饮食干预对于旨在预防心血管疾病的公共卫生战略至关重要.
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