评估插座适应对压力和切割的影响,在一个跨骨残留物/插座接口
Kirstie M Devin1, Jinghua Tang1, David Moser1
1School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
Applied bionics and biomechanics
|August 25, 2023
概括
假肢插座适合的变化,即使是轻微的变化,也会影响下肢截肢者的生物力学. 调整子层显示出显著的接口压力和剪切变化,影响舒适度和组织健康.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 假肢和整形手术
- 康复工程 康复工程 康复工程
背景情况:
- 下肢截肢者经历了残留体积波动,改变了假肢插座的适合性.
- 目前的假肢插座很难适应这些适合的变化,这会影响用户的舒适性和功能.
- 微小的插座适合差异的生物力学影响尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究改变假肢插座的实时生物力学影响,适合于残留/插座接口.
- 为了量化界面压力和切割力的变化,由于修改的插座适合.
- 评估这些变化对截肢者的舒适性和组织健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个穿腿截肢者通过使用子层来模拟更宽松和更紧密的条件来调整插座.
- 接口压力和剪切传感器被放置在状肌 (PT),状 (PF) 和前远部 (AD) 部位.
- 在站立和平行走路时收集生物力学数据,以分析接口相互作用.
主要成果:
- 插座适合的轻微修改导致了各种解剖部位的接口压力和剪切的可观察变化.
- 更紧的适合在早期姿势时降低了AD部位的压力,并在终端姿势时增加了PT部位的压力.
- 在AD和PF组织部位发现了显著的变化,剪切压力比率和时间积分表明对舒适度和组织健康的潜在影响.
结论:
- 即使在假肢插座适合的微小调整也可以显著改变接口生物力学.
- 压力,剪切和它们的比率的综合分析为插座舒适度和残留组织健康提供了宝贵的见解.
- 这项研究强调了考虑动态适合变化的重要性,以优化假肢套套设计和截肢护理.
相关概念视频
01:10Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts
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In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the...
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01:26Residual Stresses
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Residual stresses reside in a structure even after removing the original stress inducer. This phenomenon often arises from varied plastic deformations across different parts of a structure. Consider a rod stretched beyond its yield point. It will not regain its original length due to permanent deformation. Even after load removal, the rod does not entirely lose stress because of uneven plastic deformations, resulting in residual stresses. The computation of these stresses in structures is...
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01:19Shearing Stress
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Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.
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01:18Stresses in a Shaft
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The shaft PQ is subjected to a twisting force when equal and opposite torques are applied on either side. A section that cuts perpendicular to the shaft's axis at any arbitrary point R is examined to understand this. When the free-body diagram of the QR segment is analyzed, it reveals the shearing forces exerted by the PR portion onto the QR segment as the shaft experiences twisting.
Applying equilibrium conditions to the QR segment establishes that the internal shearing forces within the...
Applying equilibrium conditions to the QR segment establishes that the internal shearing forces within the...
406
01:18Residual Stresses in Bending
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In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
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