模型感知作为一个等级竞争区分想象,真实和幻觉感知
Alexander A Sulfaro1, Amanda K Robinson1,2, Thomas A Carlson1
1School of Psychology, Griffith Taylor Building, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
Neuroscience of consciousness
|August 25, 2023
概括
神经竞争解释了为什么心理图像与真实感知和幻觉有所不同. 在较低的大脑水平的感官输入阻止想象力占主导地位,而当感官输入低时,内部思想可能会导致幻觉.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 感知神经科学 感知的神经科学
背景情况:
- 心理图像涉及来自思想的感官体验,但其减少的生动性和与幻觉的区别仍然不清楚.
- 现有的研究表明,想象力和真实感知之间有共同的神经资源.
- 了解内部和外部刺激之间的神经干扰是区分知觉类型的关键.
研究的目的:
- 通过计算模拟神经竞争来解释心理图像的现象学.
- 根据神经干扰来区分真实,想象和幻觉感知.
- 探索感官输入水平如何影响心理体验的生动性和性质.
主要方法:
- 使用了一种具有双向信息流的等级网络的计算模型,模拟灵长类动物的视觉系统.
- 该模型结合了神经竞争的原则,以模拟内部和外部产生的刺激之间的相互作用.
- 模拟探索了具有和没有竞争的感官输入的场景,以观察对等级表示的影响.
主要成果:
- 结合神经竞争的模型比非竞争模型更好地解释了图像现象学.
- 模拟预测,想象中的刺激主导着高层次的表现,但在较低层次的感官输入中被超越.
- 没有感官竞争,想象中的刺激无处不在地主导了表现;在竞争中,想象力主导了高层次的,但不是低层次的处理.
结论:
- 在清醒期间持续的自下而上的感官输入可能会阻止想象力超越真实感知.
- 当感官输入减少时,幻觉可能会发生,从而使内部产生的刺激占主导地位.
- 这种竞争的神经框架解释了图像,白日梦,幻觉和其他心理图像现象的变化.
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