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相关概念视频

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
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Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
440
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

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Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
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Altered States of Awareness01:06

Altered States of Awareness

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Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
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Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

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Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
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The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

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A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
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幻觉倾向与感知证据的稳健平均值下降有关.

Emmett M Larsen1, Jingwen Jin2,3, Xian Zhang1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.

Schizophrenia bulletin
|August 25, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

易于幻觉的个体表现出"强平均"的损伤,这是一个极端证据被减轻的策略. 这表明精神病的感知决策和证据整合发生了变化.

关键词:
适应性增益是一种适应性增益.计算建模计算建模自由主义者接受自由主义者接受感知平均化 感知平均化精神错乱是一种精神病.精神分裂型的精神分裂型.

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Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

  • 幻觉涉及对环境刺激的异常感知决策.
  • 典型的观察者使用"强大的平均值"来减轻极端证据,适应不可靠的背景.
  • 这项研究调查了易于幻觉的个体是否表现出较低的稳定平均值和对证据差异的敏感性.

研究的目的:

  • 测试容易幻觉的个体是否表现出下降的稳定平均值.
  • 为了确定容易幻觉的个体是否对证据可靠性的变化不那么敏感.
  • 探索易发生幻觉的个体证据整合策略的变化.

主要方法:

  • 使用多元感知平均化任务来评估平均颜色 (红/蓝) 的判断.
  • 刺激的强度 (平均值) 和感知证据的可靠性 (变异) 不同.
  • 计算模型,包括日志后方比率 (LPR) 模型,与行为数据相匹配.

主要成果:

  • 容易发生幻觉的个体表现出不那么强大的平均值,对极端和内在证据的权重更加平等.
  • 通常产生强大的平均值的LPR模型显示,对于容易幻觉的个体来说,适合性较差.
  • 易发生幻觉的个体的证据权衡策略对证据可靠性的变化不敏感.

结论:

  • 这些发现支持了精神病中异常证据整合理论.
  • 结果表明,跟踪环境统计规律的感知系统发生了变化.
  • 这项研究强调了强健平均值受损作为幻觉易感的潜在特征.