用于热保护的气凝及其在航空航天中的应用
Runze Jin1,2, Zihan Zhou1,2, Jia Liu3
1Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 25, 2023
概括
气凝是具有超低导热率的纳米多孔材料,对于航空航天的热保护至关重要. 本综述总结了气凝研究,强调了氧化物,有机物和碳气凝在航空航天应用中的挑战和未来方向.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 航空航天工程 航空航天工程
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 航空航天行业对车辆需要先进的热保护材料.
- 气凝,由于其超低的导热率,是航空航天隔热的有希望的.
- 目前还没有关于航空航天热保护中的气凝的全面概述.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查各种用于航空航天热保护的气凝的研究状况.
- 确定当前的研究挑战,并提出空气凝的未来发展战略.
- 为开发更高效,更可靠的航空凝材料提供参考.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和现有关于热保护气凝研究的综合研究.
- 对不同气凝类型 (氧化物,有机物,碳) 的研究现状和热点问题进行分析.
- 确定未来的发展方向和建议.
主要成果:
- 氧化物气凝需要增强使用温度和烧结抑制.
- 有机气凝需要提高高温性能 (抗剥离,绝缘,机械) 并通过更便宜的原材料降低成本.
- 碳气凝需要进一步探索平衡的氧化阻力,机械和热绝缘性能.
结论:
- 需要在氧化物,有机物和碳气凝方面取得重大进展,以适应苛刻的航空航天环境.
- 解决特定的材料特性和成本效益对于广泛采用至关重要.
- 本次审查为航空航天热保护领域未来的气凝开发提供了路线图.
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