卫生专业人员的无意识偏见:一个范围广泛的审查
Ursula Meidert1, Godela Dönnges1, Thomas Bucher1
1School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland.
概括
卫生专业人员表现出无意识的偏见,导致健康差异. 研究证实了美国医生和护士的种族偏见,但在其他地区和职业中存在差距.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 在健康方面存在差异.
- 隐含的偏见 隐含的偏见
背景情况:
- 卫生专业人员之间的无意识偏见有助于健康差异.
- 这些偏见源于与种族,性别和其他因素相关的偏见,在没有意识的情况下运作.
- 了解这些偏见对于解决医疗保健中的不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于卫生专业人员无意识偏见的研究概述.
- 调查全球不同地区和卫生专业中偏见的普遍性.
- 在研究医疗专业偏见方面发现现有的研究差距.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的范围审查.
- 在包括PubMed/MEDLINE,CINAHL,PsycINFO,PsycARTICLES和AMED在内的主要数据库中进行了系统的搜索.
- 在经过严格的双重选后,包括了2011年至2021年间发表的研究.
主要成果:
- 在5186个记录中,来自81项研究的87篇文章符合纳入标准.
- 北美在研究领域占主导地位 (60项研究),其次是欧洲 (13项研究).
- 种族偏见是最常被研究的 (46项研究),其次是性别,体重,社会经济地位和精神疾病偏见. 医生和护士是研究最多的专业.
结论:
- 证据强烈表明,卫生专业人员具有隐含的偏见.
- 美国医生和护士之间的种族偏见已经得到了充分的证据.
- 关于其他地区和不同卫生专业的偏见,仍然存在重大研究差距.
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