评估婴儿和儿童精神旋转的新方法
Aaron G Beckner1, Mary Katz1, David N Tompkins1
1College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|August 25, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了一项新的眼睛追踪任务,以评估幼儿的心理旋转,这是一个关键的空间技能. 调查结果显示,孩子们.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 心理旋转是一种重要的空间认知能力,在儿童早期就会发展.
- 在婴儿和幼儿中评估这种技能需要专门的,适合发育的方法.
- 现有的方法可能不适合非常年幼的儿童的空间技能评估.
研究的目的:
- 引入一种新的眼睛追踪任务,用于评估12个月,24个月和36个月大的儿童的心理旋转.
- 评估阶梯程序在早期发育中测量空间认知能力的有效性.
- 调查幼儿和幼儿精神旋转表现的年龄相关差异.
主要方法:
- 对41名12-36个月龄的儿童开发了一项采用阶梯程序的眼睛追踪任务.
- 一个训练阶段确保了孩子们了解识别长鹿目标房子的任务.
- 适应性程序涉及将长鹿旋转15°或30°,以评估固定精度.
主要成果:
- 眼睛追踪任务成功地证明了大多数参与儿童的心理旋转能力.
- 随着旋转角度的增加,性能下降,表明任务难度.
- 较年长的儿童 (36个月) 与较年轻的儿童 (12个月和24个月) 相比,在更大的旋转角度表现出成功.
结论:
- 开发的眼睛跟踪范式为评估幼儿心理旋转提供了一种可行的方法.
- 这些发现支持了先前的研究,表明随着年龄的增长,心理旋转的发展改善.
- 这种新的评估工具有可能揭示早期空间认知的个人差异的洞察力.
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