通过工业燃料乙醇酵母菌株改进了基于甘的发酵过程
Gabriela Muller1, Victor R de Godoy1, Marcelo G Dário1
1Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil.
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 25, 2023
概括
研究人员研究了巴西用于燃料乙醇和cachaça生产的工业酵母菌株. 修改糖糖代谢增加了11%的乙醇产量,证明了提高发酵效率的策略.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 工业微生物学 工业微生物学
- 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学
背景情况:
- 巴西的燃料乙醇和cachaça生产严重依赖于*Saccharomyces cerevisiae*菌株发酵含糖.
- 原料糖价格对这些生物工艺的经济学产生了重大影响.
- 了解酵母的遗传适应,特别是对于糖糖的利用,对于过程优化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定用于巴西燃料乙醇和cachaça生产的工业*Saccharomyces cerevisiae*菌株的遗传特征.
- 研究逆转酶基因拷贝数和活性在糖糖发酵效率中的作用.
- 为了改造一种酵母菌株,改善直接糖糖消耗和提高乙醇生产.
主要方法:
- 阵列比较基因组杂交 (aCGH) 用于分析八种燃料乙醇和五种cachaça工业酵母菌株的基因组.
- 进行了逆转酶活性测试,以将酶水平与菌株遗传学相关联.
- 代谢工程涉及通过控制细胞外逆转酶和增强细胞内逆转酶和通过*AGT1**促进糖糖运输来改变糖糖代谢.
主要成果:
- 在分析的工业菌株中,只有两种表现出逆转酶基因的放大,具有高特异性活性.
- 大多数菌株拥有单个*SUC2*位点,这表明逆转酶活性不是这些酵母的糖糖发酵的主要限制.
- 通过直接消耗脱糖,绕过细胞外水解,工程菌株从糖糖中获得了11%的更高乙醇产量.
结论:
- 逆转酶基因放大不是巴西工业酵母用于糖糖发酵的普遍适应.
- 直接的细胞摄入糖,由工程化的细胞内逆转酶和透酶活动促进,为增加乙醇产量提供了一个可行的策略.
- 这种代谢工程方法为优化燃料乙醇和cachaça生产经济提供了一个有希望的途径.
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