霍乱毒素B子单元作为纳米粒子内核细胞形成调节器的功能
Eva Susnik1, Sandor Balog1, Patricia Taladriz-Blanco2
1Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Toxins
|August 25, 2023
概括
霍乱毒素B子单元 (CTxB) 影响巨细胞 (但不影响肠道细胞) 吸收的二氧化纳米粒子 (SiO2 NP). 这一发现对于理解胃肠道内的纳米粒子相互作用至关重要.
科学领域:
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 胃肠道遇到口服纳米粒子 (NP) 和细菌毒素.
- 霍乱毒素B子单元 (CTxB) 与GM1受体相互作用,影响细胞功能和内细胞分裂.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究二氧化纳米颗粒 (SiO2NP) 与Caco-2肠道细胞和J774A.1巨细胞的相互作用.
- 确定CTxB如何调节这些细胞类型中SiO2NP的吸收.
主要方法:
- 对Caco-2细胞和J774A.1巨细胞暴露于CTxB和59nmSiO2NP.
- 对细胞吸收,膜结构变化和细胞因子分泌 (TNF-α) 的分析.
- 流细胞计和同位体化研究,以评估NP吸收和细胞内贩运.
主要成果:
- 在巨细胞中,CTxB诱导了膜变化,但不是Caco-2细胞,没有观察到TNF-α分泌.
- J774A.1巨体显示高SiO2NP吸收,这是通过CTxB预暴露减少.
- Caco-2细胞表现出最小的SiO2NP吸收,不受CTxB的影响,这表明选择性很高.
结论:
- 在细胞巨细胞和分化肠道细胞中,CTxB调节SiO2 NP吸收的方式不同.
- 对于CTxB和NP,可能存在共享的内细胞路径,具有明显的细胞内分类.
- 这些发现提供了关于CTxB在调节肠道NP吸收中的作用的见解.
相关概念视频
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.7K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.7K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
6.2K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
6.2K
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
3.2K
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
3.2K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
7.1K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
7.1K


