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相关概念视频

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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慢性缺甲状腺症与皮层骨密度增加有关,使用高分辨率的外周定量计算断层扫描进行评估.

Renata Gervais Santa Rosa1,2, Simone Polonine3, Alinie Pichone4

  • 1Endocrinology Division, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. renatagsr@yahoo.com.br.

Endocrine
|August 25, 2023
PubMed
概括

患有慢性术后偏偏甲状腺症 (hypoPT) 的女性表现出更高的骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 和皮质骨测量. 尽管骨折风险低,但一些患者有脊椎骨折,与骨周转的联系不清楚.

关键词:
骨微型架构 骨微型架构骨矿物质密度 骨矿物质密度骨折的风险 骨折的风险 骨折的风险高分辨率的外围定量计算断层扫描.甲状腺功能下降症 甲状腺功能下降症

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 骨的新陈代谢 骨的新陈代谢
  • 放射学 放射学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 慢性外科术后偏偏甲状腺症 (hypoPT) 可能会影响骨健康.
  • 了解骨矿物质密度 (BMD),微型结构和 hypoPT 骨折风险至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了评估 BMD,骨微型结构,和骨折的患病率在女性慢性术后 hypoPT.
  • 在hypoPT患者和健康对照者之间比较这些参数.

主要方法:

  • 截面研究比较了27名患有hypoPT的女性和44名对照女性.
  • 双能X射线吸收计 (DXA) 用于区域性BMD和脊椎骨折.
  • 高分辨率的外围定量CT (HR-pQCT) 用于体积 BMD 和微架构.
  • 生物化学标记 (FGF23,ICTP,P1NP) 和FRAX工具用于骨折风险评估.

主要成果:

  • 没有普遍的临床骨折,FRAX估计的重大/部骨折风险较低.
  • 两名hypoPT患者有中度至重度的形态测量脊椎骨折.
  • 假PT妇女的区域性BMD (腰椎,部) 和皮质体积BMD (半径,部) 较高.
  • 脊椎骨没有受到影响;P1NP和ICTP建议的低骨周转率.

结论:

  • 在hypoPT女性中,脆弱性骨折的患病率较低,与低FRAX风险保持一致.
  • 与对照组相比,HypoPT患者表现出增加的区域和皮质体积 BMD.
  • 在hypoPT中,较高的骨密度和骨周转率下降之间的关联仍然不清楚.