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在熟练护理设施中因跌倒而发生的发病率和死亡率:系统性审查和元分析
Maren Kimura1, Sydney Ruller1, Cairina Frank2
1Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
在熟练护理设施中,跌倒很常见,导致严重的伤害和医疗保健使用. 痴呆症患病率与跌倒率的联系很弱,但没有具体的风险因素得到了强有力的证据支持.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在熟练护理设施 (SNFs) 中的倒是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解与SNF跌倒相关的发病率,发病率和死亡率对于改善居民安全和医疗保健资源配置至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对熟练护理设施中跌倒的发生率进行元分析.
- 评估与这些跌倒相关的发病率和死亡率.
- 综合关于伤害性跌倒风险因素的证据.
主要方法:
- 38项研究的系统综述和元分析.
- 包括在熟练护理机构的老年人的数据.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度和柯克兰偏差风险工具进行质量评估;用GRADE评估证据的强度.
主要成果:
- 综合下跌发生率为每100人/年121人.
- 跌倒导致医院转移,入院,伤害 (包括骨折和头部伤害),死亡率和残疾.
- 在跌倒率和痴呆症患病率之间发现了微弱的正相关性;与年龄或性别没有显著关系.
结论:
- 落在SNF中非常普遍,并对发病率,死亡率和医疗保健利用率做出了重大贡献.
- 目前的证据并没有强烈支持特定的跌倒风险因素.
- 未来的研究应该专注于防摔策略和优化医院护理的SNF设置下跌者.
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