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在皮层上状膜发作期间的信号传递:Cajal-Retzius神经元的作用
1Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 505 Irving Ave., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|August 26, 2023
概括
卡哈尔-雷齐乌斯神经元 (CRN) 向发育中的皮质投射神经元 (CPN) 发出信号,影响树的生长和迁移. 这种由谷氨酸和甘氨酸介导的CRN-to-CPN通信,提供了对自闭症等神经发育障碍的见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞信号传输 细胞信号传输
背景情况:
- 皮层投射神经元 (CPNs) 在边缘区 (MZ) 完成迁移后,从其领先过程中发展出其顶端树突.
- 在MZ中的Cajal-Retzius神经元 (CRN) 分泌Reelin,这对树突发育和细胞定位至关重要.
- 该MZ可能含有额外的CRN衍生信号,促进CPN成熟和皮层发育.
研究的目的:
- 调查潜在的CRN分泌信号,影响CPN成熟和皮质发育.
- 在早期皮质形成过程中阐明CRN和CPN之间的通信通路.
主要方法:
- 利用整个胚胎半球探测器和多光子显微镜观察CRN和CPN中的细胞内过渡物.
- 应用维拉特里丁,一种通道激活剂,以刺激CRN并评估其对CPN的影响.
- 使用受体对抗剂 (谷氨酸,甘氨酸) 和基因操纵 (细菌电压通道) 来研究信号机制.
主要成果:
- 在早期皮质形成过程中,CRN表现出自发的,高幅度的细胞内过渡体.
- 在树突启动时,CPNs显示细胞内的稳定增加,由通过谷氨酸和甘氨酸的CRN活性触发.
- 谷氨酸信号阻塞扰乱了CPN迁移;强制通道表达促进了树突生长,但阻止了迁移.
结论:
- CRN自发活动触发了谷氨酸和糖氨酸的释放,诱导了CPN中的升,从而启动了树突发生和传播.
- 从CRN到CPN的信号传递在CPN迁移和树突发育中起作用.
- 这种信号通路提供了与自闭症相关基因的潜在联系,这些基因编码在皮层发育早期表达的突触蛋白.
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