来自选择地中海芳香植物的精油 - 描述和生物活动作为虫生物杀虫剂
José Luis Casas1, Aitor Sagarduy-Cabrera1, María López Santos-Olmo1
1Research Institute CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), Scientific Park, University of Alicante, Ctra. San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
概括
来自西红,迷香和衣草的精油显示出作为天然杀虫剂对虫的潜力. 红枣精油的虫死亡率最高,这表明它对可持续农业的承诺.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 自然产品 化学 化学
背景情况:
- 合成农药带来环境风险,并有助于害虫耐药性.
- 虫是重要的农业害虫,需要可持续的控制方法.
- 由于其生物活性化合物,精油提供了潜在的替代品.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估来自Thymus vulgaris,Rosmarinus officinalis var.的精油的杀虫能力. "前列腺"和"拉万杜拉牙虫" (Lavandula dentata) 对抗虫.
- 为了确定这些精油的化学成分.
- 为了确定精油作为天然杀虫剂在虫管理中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 精油是通过水蒸来提取的.
- 用气色谱-质谱法 (GC-MS) 分析化学成分.
- 对鸟桃麦虫 (Rhopalosiphum padi) 进行了接触毒性生物测试.
主要成果:
- 提姆斯草精油含有81.20%的单类,主要成分为1,8-cineole,camphor和borneol.
- 罗斯马林斯 (Rosmarinus officinalis var.) 是一种植物. "前列腺"油是91.98%的单类,主要成分是α-pinene,verbenone和1,8-cineole.
- 拉文杜拉牙油含有69.60%的单聚类,主要成分为1,8-烯,坎佛和β-烯.
- 在15μL/mL时,红枣精油实现了78.3%的虫死亡率.
- 衣草和迷香精油在测试度下显示较低的死亡率 (分别为54.7%和56.7%).
结论:
- 来自T. vulgaris,R. officinalis和L. dentata的精油表现出对Rhopalosiphum padi的杀虫活性.
- 红枣精油在综合性害虫防治计划中显示出作为虫控制的天然替代品的显著前景.
- 建议进一步研究最佳的应用条件和剂量,以便在农业中有效地使用西红精油.
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