多不和脂肪酸在怀孕期间和新生儿的饮食影响
Emilio Herrera1, Henar Ortega-Senovilla1
1Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
概括
母亲将长链多不和脂肪酸 (LCPUFA),如DHA和阿拉基酸 (AA) 转移给胎儿,这对胎儿的发育至关重要. 产后,这些脂肪酸通过母乳供应,对于早产婴儿来说尤其重要.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生化学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 围产期营养 围产期营养
背景情况:
- 长链多不和脂肪酸 (LCPUFA),包括阿拉基酸 (AA) 和多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA),对胎儿发育至关重要,并具有超出炎症媒介合成的作用.
- 由于LCPUFA容易氧化,因此需要通过抗氧化剂进行保护.
- 孕妇的脂肪组织作为LCPUFA的储存库,在怀孕晚期动员用于胎儿转移.
研究的目的:
- 阐明必要脂肪酸的母胎转移机制.
- 描述LCPUFA在怀孕晚期,分娩和哺乳期间的调动和分布.
- 突出LCPUFA补充剂的重要性,特别是对于早产婴儿.
主要方法:
- 审查控制脂肪酸代谢和转移的生理过程.
- 关于LCPUFA动态的怀孕和哺乳期间母亲适应的分析.
- 讨论对新生儿营养的影响,特别是早产婴儿.
主要成果:
- 孕产妇的脂肪组织代谢释放LCPUFA,LCPUFA由肝脏加工成VLDL,以便从胎盘转移到胎儿.
- 在分娩期间,LCPUFA被导向乳腺,通过母乳传递给新生儿.
- 过早出生的婴儿对LCPUFA有很大的需求,原因是怀孕晚期母亲的转移有限,内生合成途径不成熟.
结论:
- 低CPUFA的母胎和母胎转移是一个严格规范的生理过程,对发育至关重要.
- 食补充LCPUFA,特别是DHA和AA,对于优化生长和神经发育至关重要,特别是在脆弱的早产婴儿中.
- 了解这些途径可以为支持婴儿健康的营养策略提供信息.
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