放射治疗改变了直肠癌幸存者的第二恶性病变模式
Xiaoxian Ye1, Yinuo Tan2,3,4, Ruishuang Ma1
1Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|August 26, 2023
概括
用于直肠癌的放射治疗 (RT) 可能会改变发生二次癌症的风险. 虽然前列腺癌风险下降,但接受RT的幸存者甲状腺癌风险显著增加.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 辐射瘤学 辐射瘤学
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
背景情况:
- 放射治疗 (RT) 是局部晚期直肠癌的关键治疗方法,提供生存益处,但可能增加第二恶性瘤风险.
- 癌症幸存者,特别是那些接受RT治疗的人,面临患上新的原发性癌症的风险更高.
- 对RT对直肠癌幸存者的第二恶性瘤模式的具体影响仍然是研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 研究和比较接受放射治疗的直肠癌幸存者与没有接受放射治疗的患者的第二次原发性恶性瘤的模式.
- 分析RT对全部位第二恶性瘤和特定癌症类型的发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用监测,流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 数据库,分析了2000年至2012年间诊断的49961名直肠癌患者的数据.
- 在接受了带有或没有RT手术的患者中,比较了第二次恶性瘤的发生率.
- 雇佣标准化发病率 (SIRs) 使用95%的置信区间 (CI) 来评估癌症风险,使用SEER*Stat进行计算.
主要成果:
- 在49961名患者中,共诊断出5582例第二次恶性瘤.
- 在RT组 (SIR=1.00) 与没有RT组 (SIR=1.14) 相比,所有部位的第二次原发性恶性瘤的总体风险没有显著增加.
- 与仅进行手术的组相比,在RT组观察到明显较低的二次前列腺癌风险 (SIR=0.39) 和明显较高的二次甲状腺癌风险 (SIR=2.80).
结论:
- 放射治疗影响了直肠癌幸存者的第二恶性瘤的模式.
- RT治疗与二次前列腺癌的风险降低有关.
- 在这种患者群体中,RT与二次甲状腺癌的风险明显增加有关.
相关概念视频
Cancer Therapies
7.7K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.7K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K


