人类牛奶对婴儿神经发育的潜在表观遗传影响
Giannoula Gialeli1, Ourania Panagopoulou1, Georgios Liosis2
1First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients
|August 26, 2023
概括
母乳养有益于婴儿,特别是早产婴儿,因为它改善了神经发育. 母乳中的生物活性成分,如非编码RNA和干细胞,可能通过表观遗传机制影响大脑发育.
科学领域:
- 周围生理学 周围生理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 人母乳养为婴儿健康提供了显著的优势,包括降低非传染性疾病风险和增强神经发育结果.
- 连接母乳与婴儿神经发育的确切机制尚未完全理解,但表观遗传影响是研究的一个关键领域.
- 母乳含有生物活性成分,如非编码RNA,干细胞和微生物,这些可能起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对母乳养如何通过表观遗传途径影响婴儿神经发育的理解.
- 探索母乳中特定生物活性成分 (包括非编码RNA,干细胞和微生物群) 在调节大脑发育中的作用.
- 突出母乳对满期和早产婴儿的潜在表观遗传影响.
主要方法:
- 这项研究是一个叙事综述,综合了现有的关于母乳,表观遗传学和婴儿神经发育的研究.
- 文献搜索的重点是研究母乳中的生物活性成分及其对大脑发育和功能的影响.
- 分析非编码RNA,干细胞和母乳微生物群可能通过表观遗传修饰影响神经发育的机制.
主要成果:
- 牛奶外体和母乳干细胞中的非编码RNA可以在消化过程中存活下来,进入血液循环,并穿越血脑屏障.
- 非编码RNA可以调节对大脑发育和功能至关重要的基因,而干细胞可以分化为神经细胞或作为表观遗传调节器.
- 母乳微生物群为婴儿的肠道微生物群做出贡献,通过表观遗传变化和分子调节影响大脑发育.
结论:
- 母乳中的生物活性成分,特别是非编码RNA和干细胞,有可能在表观遗传学上影响婴儿的神经发育.
- 由母乳微生物群建立的肠道微生物群是母乳影响大脑发育的另一个关键途径.
- 了解这些表观遗传机制,可以了解母乳养对所有婴儿神经发育的深刻益处,包括脆弱的早产婴儿.
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