由新冠以太作为宏循环宿主向高度可逆的 Zn 阳极激活的分子识别效应
Anbin Zhou1, Huirong Wang1, Xin Hu1
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Science bulletin
|August 26, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了超分子冠以稳定水性离子电池. 这种方法抑制了树的生长,并提高了电池的性能,以实现更安全,更大规模的能源存储.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 水性Zn2+离子电池具有低成本和安全性等优点,但受到状物生长和不稳定性的影响.
- 无法控制的反应和水的存在导致循环不良和有限的实际应用.
研究的目的:
- 通过控制Zn2+离子协调环境,制定稳定水性Zn2+离子电池的战略.
- 为了抑制树突石的形成并提高基于Zn的电池的电化学性能.
主要方法:
- 选超分子皇冠乙烯作为Zn2+离子的宏环宿主.
- 在现场形成有机-无机混合体双保护性介相.
- 电化学测试在Zn使之有机Cu,Zn使之有机Zn对称,和Zn使之有机LMO全细胞.
主要成果:
- 皇冠乙烯优化了Zn2+协调,抑制了水的反应性,并形成了一种保护性介相.
- 介相提供了离子选效应,使Zn2+沉积均,并抑制了副作用.
- 在300个循环中实现了98.4%的库伦比效率 (Zn Led Led Led LedCu),1360小时的稳定循环 (Zn Led Led Led LedZn) 和在200个循环中保持70%的容量 (Zn Led Led LedLMO).
结论:
- 超分子宿主-客人化学提供了一个有前途的途径来稳定水性Zn2+离子电池.
- 开发的相间策略显著改善了电池循环寿命和效率.
- 这种方法为大规模的低成本能源存储提供了离子电池的可行替代方案.
相关概念视频
02:36Crown Ethers
5.3K
Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether...
5.3K
01:26Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview
2.4K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.4K
01:17Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry
2.0K
The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
2.0K
02:24Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides
7.4K
Epoxides that are three-membered ring systems are more reactive than other cyclic and acyclic ethers. The high reactivity of epoxides originates from the strain present in the ring. This ring strain acts as a driving force for epoxides to undergo ring-opening reactions either with halogen acids or weak nucleophiles in the presence of mild acid. The acid catalyst converts the epoxide oxygen, a poor leaving group, into an oxonium ion, a better leaving group, making the reaction feasible. The...
7.4K
02:38Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Halogenation
8.3K
Introduction
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
8.3K
![[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2Ffiles%2Fmedia%2Fscience-education%2Fscience-education-thumbs%2F12422.jpg&w=3840&q=75)
01:21[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement
2.8K
The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
2.8K