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相关概念视频

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
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Ambient Method for the Production of an Ionically Gated Carbon Nanotube Common Cathode in Tandem Organic Solar Cells
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使用相似的聚合物捐赠体构建高性能三元器件.

Yu Fang1, Xiangmeng Deng1, Jiayong Lu1

  • 1Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|August 27, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员通过将BDD单元纳入聚合物太阳能电池的PM6骨干中,合成了新型的聚合物供体. 由于增强的特性,最佳的聚合物供体实现了18.52%的高功率转换效率.

关键词:
类似的聚合物捐赠者.高性能聚合物太阳能电池三元共聚合的三元共聚合.三元器件的三元器件.聚合物的捐赠者.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 有机电子 有机电子
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学

背景情况:

  • 三级共聚合和混合是优化设备中的聚合物结构和薄膜形态的关键策略.
  • 捐赠者-接受者-接受者-接受者 (D-A-A-A) 聚合物为先进的电子应用提供可调节的特性.

研究的目的:

  • 通过将BDD单元集成到PM6骨干中来合成和表征新的D-A-A-A聚合物供体.
  • 研究这些聚合物对聚合物太阳能电池 (PSC) 性能的影响.

主要方法:

  • 通过将BDD单元纳入PM6共聚合物中,合成三种D-A-A-A聚合物供体 (FY1,FY2,FY3).
  • 制造和特征三元聚合物太阳能电池使用合成的聚合物作为第三个组成部分.
  • 分析设备性能,包括功率转换效率 (PCE),电荷传输,能量损耗和形态.

主要成果:

  • 合成的聚合物表现出由于BDD单元而增强的结合平面性和广泛的吸收.
  • 在聚合物中观察到改善的π-π堆叠方向,有利于电荷传输.
  • 最优的三元器件 (FY1:PM6:BTP-eC9) 在高效的电荷传输和最小的能量损耗下实现了18.52%的高PCE.

结论:

  • 将BDD单元纳入PM6骨干是开发高性能聚合物供体的有效策略.
  • 使用这些类似聚合物捐赠者的三元器件显示出高效聚合物太阳能电池的巨大潜力.
  • 该研究表明,通过合理的聚合物设计,提高PSC性能是一种可行的方法.