北极地松鼠冬眠期间的微生物基因表达:肠道部分之间的差异比冬眠前的饮食蛋白质含量更大
Kirsten Grond1, C Loren Buck2, Khrystyne N Duddleston1
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, United States.
Frontiers in genetics
|August 28, 2023
概括
冬眠中的松鼠利用肠道微生物来保护气,但冬眠前的饮食对冬眠期间的尿素气回收和氨基酸代谢基因表达的影响很小.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
背景情况:
- 强制冬眠者在长时间的禁食期间保持瘦肉量.
- 肠道微生物在代谢中的作用,特别是尿素回收 (UNS),对于蛋白质的保存至关重要.
- 冬眠前饮食对冬眠期间微生物功能的影响需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究冬眠前饮食中的蛋白质含量对冬眠中的北极地松鼠的尿素救援 (UNS) 和微生物必需氨基酸 (EAA) 供应的影响.
- 为了比较细菌尿酶和氨基酸 (AA) 代谢基因在冬眠期间不同肠道部分的表达.
主要方法:
- 北极地松鼠在冬眠前被食含有9%或18%蛋白质的饮食.
- 尿酶和AA代谢途径的基因表达在冬眠期间在四个肠道部分 (阴道粘膜,阴道光线,SI粘膜,SI光线) 分析.
- 评估了微生物群落的组成和功能.
主要成果:
- 冬眠前的饮食蛋白质含量并没有显著改变细菌AA通路基因的表达,但一些个体EAA基因在较高的蛋白质摄入量时被差异地表达.
- 小肠 (SI) 是尿酶和AA基因表达的主要部位,其微生物组成不同.
- 尿素基因表达因肠道部分而异,但不因冬眠前的饮食而异;然而,在被养18%蛋白质的松鼠的眼膜和SI粘膜中,特定的尿素循环基因被上调.
结论:
- 虽然冬眠前的饮食对整体尿酶和AA基因表达产生了有限的直接影响,但在冬眠期间,它可能会微妙地调节肠道微生物群功能.
- 小肠在微生物代谢和冬眠松鼠的氨基酸供应中发挥着关键作用.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解冬眠期间饮食,肠道微生物群和宿主生理学的相互作用.
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