双语幼儿与单语幼儿相比,通过静态面孔引起注意力增加
Victoria L Mousley1,2, Mairéad MacSweeney1,2, Evelyne Mercure3,4
1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Bilingualism (Cambridge, England)
|August 28, 2023
概括
双语幼儿与单语幼儿不同,对面部的视觉定向更快,这表明早期的语言经验影响了社会注意力发展. 这种差异持续到生命的第二年.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 双语婴儿比单语婴儿更多地利用面部线索来区分语言.
- 在第一年观察到单语和双语婴儿之间的社会关注差异.
- 以前的研究表明,双语者比单语者更快,更频繁地与人面对面.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查单语和双语幼儿之间的面部表情行为差异是否持续到他们的第二年.
- 根据语言接触,研究婴儿社会注意力的发展轨迹.
- 测试双语幼儿是否对静态社会刺激保持增强的快速视觉定向.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究,涉及15至18个月大的单语 (英语) 和双语 (英语和另一种语言) 幼儿.
- 数据收集的重点是面部表情行为和视觉定向.
- 两组之间对静态面孔和非面孔的注意力模式的比较.
主要成果:
- 与单语幼儿相比,双语幼儿对静态面部的视觉定向明显更快.
- 双语者会更频繁地参加静态面孔的假设没有得到支持.
- 幼儿对社会刺激的快速视觉定位对早期语言体验很敏感.
结论:
- 早期的语言体验,特别是双语,影响着幼儿对社会刺激的快速视觉定位.
- 这些发现表明,社会关注的发展轨迹是由语言学习塑造的.
- 幼儿对面部的视觉注意力是早期语言和社会发展的敏感指标.
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