权力举重运动员的身体构成和最大力量:一个描述性的定量和纵向研究
Pierre-Marc Ferland1, Jeremie Charron1, Mathieu Brisebois-Boies1
1Department of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
International journal of exercise science
|August 28, 2023
概括
力量提升运动员的最大力量训练与身体组成的变化有关,包括骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 的增加. 持续的训练可以随着时间的推移提高BMD,强度预测骨质量.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 了解最大力量和身体组成之间的关系对于优化运动表现和健康至关重要.
- 需要进行纵向研究,以阐明强度训练方案 (如力量提升) 对身体构成的慢性影响.
- 双能量X射线吸收计 (DXA) 提供了一种可靠的方法来评估身体成分,包括骨矿物质含量和密度.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究力量提升运动员最大力量和各种身体组成参数之间的相关性.
- 检查持续的最大力量训练导致的身体组成的长期适应性.
- 根据最大力量和瘦身体重,开发骨矿物质含量和密度的预测模型.
主要方法:
- 34名举重运动员 (21名男性,13名女性) 在比赛开始后的44天内接受了DXA扫描.
- 13名参与者完成了年度随访DXA扫描,以追踪慢性训练的影响.
- 用对样本t测试和简单的线性回归来分析力量和身体组成数据.
主要成果:
- 预测公式表明了显著的关系:最大强度预测骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 和骨矿物质密度 (BMD);瘦身体重 (LBW) 预测最大强度.
- 在第一年和第二年的随访期间,观察到骨质量显著增加 (+1.57%).
- 瘦身体重 (-2.95%) 和身体脂肪百分比 (+2.59%) 在第二年和第三年之间显示出显著的变化.
结论:
- 最大强度是动力举重运动员BMC和BMD的可靠预测指标.
- 瘦身体重是最大力量的强有力的预测指标.
- 持续的最大力量训练,如权力举重,随着时间的推移导致BMD的显著慢性增加.
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