词典中的空白限制了沟通.
Lilia Rissman1, Qiawen Liu1, Gary Lupyan1
1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science
|August 28, 2023
概括
对于一个概念有一个特定的词,就像一个超级术语一样,显著提高了跨语言的沟通准确性. 这凸显了词汇化在日常语言使用中的实际重要性.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 语言人类学语言人类学.
背景情况:
- 语言对经验的分类不同,有些概念有专门的超级术语 (例如,中国'tiáowèipǐn'),而另一些则没有 (例如,英语等价).
- 词汇差距的存在引发了关于语言结构是否会影响沟通效率的问题,尽管语言的组成灵活性.
研究的目的:
- 调查一种语言中常规超级术语的存在是否会影响沟通的准确性.
- 为了确定词汇化是否会影响参考概念类别的易用性.
主要方法:
- 通过使用成年汉语和英语说话者来完成参考性沟通任务.
- 参与者参与了导演/匹配者模式,导演为匹配者提供线索,从网格中选择单词.
- 目标词代表了在一种语言中存在但不在另一种语言中存在的超级类别.
主要成果:
- 当目标类别用参与者的语言进行词汇化时,沟通准确度更高.
- 这种准确性优势仅仅归因于董事们使用超级术语.
- 没有观察到超级术语对类别内或类别间相似性评级的显著影响.
结论:
- 常规超级术语的可用性提供了可衡量的通信优势.
- 尽管语言在形成新的表达方式方面具有灵活性,但依赖已建立的词汇术语仍然是有效沟通的关键.
相关概念视频
Barriers to Effective Communication II
3.7K
The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
3.7K
Barriers to Effective Communication I
8.9K
A communication barrier is any distortion or interruption during a conversation, resulting in miscommunication of the message. A good communicator should know these barriers and continuously check for the listener's understanding by obtaining feedback.
Communication barriers include the following:
Physiological barriers: They are limitations caused by a person's health condition or disability, such as hearing loss, poor eyesight, illness, or unconsciousness. An example to overcome this...
Communication barriers include the following:
Physiological barriers: They are limitations caused by a person's health condition or disability, such as hearing loss, poor eyesight, illness, or unconsciousness. An example to overcome this...
8.9K
Therapeutic Communication
4.5K
Communication is a lifelong learning process. Through therapeutic communication, nurses can collect relevant assessment data, provide education and counseling, and interact during nursing interventions. Sending and receiving messages occur through verbal and nonverbal communication techniques and can happen separately or simultaneously.
Verbal communication depends on language or a prescribed way of using words so that people can share information effectively. The critical aspects of verbal...
Verbal communication depends on language or a prescribed way of using words so that people can share information effectively. The critical aspects of verbal...
4.5K
Gap Junctions
8.1K
The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
8.1K
Components of Language
316
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
316
Learning Disabilities
187
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
187


