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关于最近对阿斯巴甜瘤流行病学的审查的观点
Julie E Goodman1, Denali N Boon1, Maia M Jack2
1Gradient, Boston, MA 02108, United States of America.
Global epidemiology
|August 28, 2023
概括
粮农组织/世卫组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会重申了阿斯巴甜的安全性,没有发现令人信服的癌症联系. 世界卫生组织癌症研究国际机构.
科学领域:
- 食品安全和毒理学
- 癌症研究和流行病学.
- 监管科学和风险评估
背景情况:
- 亚斯巴甜是一种非糖甜剂,自1983年在美国市场推出以来,在全球范围内占据了重要地位.
- 粮农组织/世卫组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会 (JECFA) 和世卫组织国际癌症研究机构 (IARC) 最近的评估涉及阿斯巴甜的潜在致癌性.
- 在JECFA和IARC之间对证据的相互矛盾解释需要澄清,以便公众和科学家们能够理解.
研究的目的:
- 分析和比较JECFA和IARC最近对阿斯巴甜和癌症风险的评估.
- 批判性地评估两家专家机构关于酸盐安全性的方法和结论.
- 解决证据解释和致癌物质分类中的明显矛盾.
主要方法:
- 关于阿斯巴甜和癌症,2023年7月发表的JECFA和IARC报告的审查和综合.
- 对流行病学证据的分析,包括质量评估和考虑混因素.
- 审查IARC的致癌物质分类标准及其对阿斯巴甜的应用.
主要成果:
- 欧洲食品安全委员会 (JECFA) 重申了阿斯巴甜的安全性,认为流行病学证据"不令人信服",并没有发现一致的癌症关联.
- IARC确定了三项"高质量"的肝癌研究,但引用了由于潜在偏见和混的局限性,将阿斯巴甜分类为2B组 (可能的人类致癌物).
- 摘要强调了IARC评估中的不一致性,质疑"高质量"的研究如何导致"有限"的证据结论和2B组分类.
结论:
- 关于阿斯巴甜安全性的JECFA结论得到了流行病学数据的彻底审查的支持,承认现有研究的局限性.
- 尽管承认证据的局限性,但IARC的2B组分类可能会因为感知因果关系而造成不必要的混乱.
- 由IARC进行的第3组分类 (不可分类) 将更符合人类致癌性证据的不足,避免了世卫组织内部的看法分歧.
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