针对COVID-19和结核病的动物模型
Björn Corleis1, Max Bastian2, Donata Hoffmann3
1Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Frontiers in immunology
|August 28, 2023
概括
本研究回顾了研究结核病 (TB) 和2019年新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 的哺乳动物模型. 它突出了从动物到牲畜的各种模型,促进了对这些关键呼吸道感染的理解.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 比较病理学比较病理学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 和COVID-19是全球主要的呼吸道感染,具有显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 这两种疾病都影响肺部,共享免疫病原发生,需要有效的动物模型进行研究.
- 尽管有不同的原因 (Mycobacterium结核病,SARS-CoV-2),但了解共同和独特的疾病机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 总结和评估实验性结核病和COVID-19研究中使用的哺乳动物模型.
- 讨论各种模型的适用性,包括动物,非人类灵长类动物和牲畜.
- 以突出了解疾病病理生理学和免疫反应的进步,这些模型有助于.
主要方法:
- 关于结核病和COVID-19的动物模型的综合文献审查.
- 对每种感染的物种特异性和模型实用性的分析.
- 讨论翻译研究潜力和非传统模型.
主要成果:
- 多种动物模型,特别是动物,用于结核病和COVID-19研究,每个都有独特的优势.
- 非人类灵长类动物为转化研究提供了价值,而牲畜模型为研究提供了新的研究途径.
- 动物模型显著提高了对结核病和COVID-19病理生理学和免疫反应的理解.
结论:
- 优化动物模型对于推动肺部传染病研究至关重要.
- 结核病和COVID-19等看似无关的疾病之间的跨学科洞察力可以加速进展.
- 需要进一步开发和应用各种实验模型来应对全球呼吸系统威胁.
相关概念视频
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
265
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
265
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
200
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
200
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
262
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
262
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
363
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
363
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
162
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
162