研究质量在阿斯巴甜和癌症流行病学研究中的作用审查研究质量的作用
Julie E Goodman1, Elyssa G Anneser1, Adory Khandaker1
1Gradient, Boston, MA 02108, United States of America.
Global epidemiology
|August 28, 2023
概括
对非糖甜味剂 (NSS) 和癌症风险的审查发现证据确定性非常低. 对研究质量的透明评估,重点关注诸如偏见和混等关键领域,对于准确的关于阿斯巴甜和癌症的结论至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于非糖甜味剂 (NSS) 和健康影响的观察性研究已被Toows等人审查. 和世界卫生组织 (WHO).
- 以前的审查没有发现NSS或阿斯巴甜与癌症之间的联系,证据确定性被评为"非常低".
- 在这些审查中,人们对研究质量评估的透明度和重点存在担忧.
研究的目的:
- 在NSS和癌症审查中批判性地评估研究质量评估的方法和透明度.
- 为未来关于阿斯巴甜和癌症的研究确定关键研究质量领域.
- 强调需要对证据评估采取系统和透明的方法.
主要方法:
- 现有系统性审查的分析 (Toews等,WHO) 使用干预措施的非随机研究中偏差风险 (ROBINS-I) 和纽卡斯尔-太华尺度.
- 检查示例案例研究,以评估质量评估工具的应用.
- 对世卫组织后期研究的审查,以进一步评估方法论趋势.
主要成果:
- 虽然同意没有NSS与癌症相关的总体结论,但证据确定性的透明度文档被发现缺乏.
- 关键的研究质量领域 (暴露/结果评估,混,选择偏差) 可能被忽视,以支持影响较小的方面.
- 随后的研究加强了对质量评估方法论严谨性和重点性的担忧.
结论:
- 现有的关于NSS和癌症 (包括阿斯巴甜) 的审查缺乏透明和适当专注的研究质量评估.
- 未来的审查必须优先考虑和系统地解决最有可能影响结果解释的质量领域.
- 当证据确定性由于研究质量非常低时,审查应该得出证据不足以确定因果关系的结论,而不是暗示缺乏效果.
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