设计的纳米颗粒引发交叉反应性抗体对保存的流感病毒血质素干表位的反应
Dustin M McCraw1, Mallory L Myers1, Neetu M Gulati1
1Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS pathogens
|August 28, 2023
概括
使用纳米粒子技术的新型流感疫苗显示出广泛保护的希望. 在纳米颗粒上显示保存的血凝素干区域会引起交叉反应性抗体,提供一种潜在的通用流感疫苗策略.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 由于快速的抗原漂移,流感病毒对全球健康构成重大威胁.
- 目前的季节性疫苗和抗病毒药物面临着对不断演变的流感菌株的挑战.
- 开发一种通用流感疫苗仍然是一个关键的未满足的医疗需求.
研究的目的:
- 设计和评估新型纳米颗粒,显示保存的血凝素 (HA) 干区域,用于潜在的通用流感疫苗应用.
- 使用H1 HA亚型建立概念证明并评估纳米粒子免疫性和有效性.
- 为了探索针对各种流感HA亚型引起的抗体的交叉反应性.
主要方法:
- 嵌合式纳米粒子的结构导向设计,显示来自保存的HA干区域的α-螺旋断片 (螺旋-A) 的合拷贝.
- 纳米粒子强度的生物化学评估,包括热稳定性.
- 用H1纳米颗粒免疫小鼠,然后用H1N1流感病毒致命的挑战.
- 从免疫小鼠中分离单克隆抗体,并评估它们的交叉反应性和保护能力.
主要成果:
- 设计的H1纳米颗粒在生物化学上具有强度和免疫性,在暴露于热量后保持免疫性.
- 用H1纳米颗粒接种疫苗的小鼠证明了对致命的H1N1流感病毒的保护.
- 显示H1,H5和H7HA亚型的-A的纳米颗粒引起了具有同性亚型和异性亚型交叉反应性的抗体.
- 隔离的单克隆抗体显示出交叉反应性,并提供了对病毒挑战的被动保护.
结论:
- 合螺旋-A纳米粒子构造是一种新且有效的设计,用于显示保存的HA干表位.
- 这种纳米粒子平台为开发具有广泛保护性的通用流感疫苗提供了一个有前途的新战略.
- 该方法表明,在多种抗原性多样化的流感HA亚型中具有潜在的适用性.
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