75岁或以上的荷兰社区老年人的残疾过渡
Tjeerd van der Ploeg1, Robbert J J Gobbens2
1Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
|August 28, 2023
概括
人口老龄化增加了残疾风险. 这项研究发现,不健康的生活方式和多种疾病显著预测了老年人的残疾恶化,强调了健康生活对预防的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化预计将使65岁及以上的人口比例从2022年的10%增加到2050年的16%.
- 人口老龄化与老年人中残疾率上升密切相关.
- 残疾人面临更高的健康不良结果的风险,需要专注的注意.
研究的目的:
- 在9年的时间内调查75岁及以上的荷兰社区居民在残疾方面的转变情况.
- 确定社会人口统计学,生活方式,疾病相关和生活事件因素,这些因素可以预测随着时间的推移,残疾状况的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了对荷兰484名社区老年人的9年随访研究.
- 使用蒂尔堡脆弱性指标 (TFI) 和格罗宁根活动限制量表 (GARS) 问卷.
- 应用了通用估计方程 (GEE) 来进行单变量和多变量分析残疾转变,考虑各种预测变量.
主要成果:
- 大多数参与者 (65%) 年龄在80岁以下; 50% 已婚或同居; 87% 报告健康的生活方式; 63% 没有疾病.
- 每年,越来越多的人从非残疾人转变为残疾人,而不是相反.
- 多变量GEE分析显示,不健康的生活方式和患有两种或多种疾病/慢性疾病显著预测了残疾分数. 只有有两个或两个以上的疾病/慢性疾病才能预测二分制残疾分数.
结论:
- 老年人的残疾转变受到生活方式因素和多种疾病或慢性疾病的存在的重大影响.
- 对于医疗保健专业人员来说,这些发现为开发旨在预防残疾进展的干预措施提供了洞察力.
- 75岁及以上的社区老年人的主要建议是采用和保持健康的生活方式.
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