粉样蛋白病理减少ELP3表达和tRNA修饰,导致蛋白质稳定性受损
Marisa Pereira1, Diana R Ribeiro1, Maximilian Berg2
1Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease
|August 28, 2023
概括
阿尔茨海默病降低了ELP3,这是转移RNA (tRNA) 修饰的关键酶,损害了神经元蛋白质稳定. 恢复tRNA水平可能为阿尔茨海默病提供新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 涉及粉样β聚合和蛋白质稳定性损失.
- 转移RNA (tRNA) 修改对蛋白质稳定至关重要,但它们在AD中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究tRNA修饰酶ELP3在阿尔茨海默病中的作用.
- 确定ELP3减少是否影响蛋白质稳定,以及是否针对tRNA修改可以恢复神经元功能.
主要方法:
- 在阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑和小鼠模型中测量ELP3表达.
- 在具有AD突变和没有AD突变的神经元细胞中分析了tRNA修饰和蛋白质稳定.
- 研究了AD细胞分泌体对ELP3和蛋白质稳定性的影响.
- 评估了纠正tRNA缺陷对蛋白质稳定性的影响.
主要成果:
- 在AD大脑和小鼠模型中,ELP3表达减少,与粉样质斑块密度相关.
- 发生AD突变的神经细胞显示ELP3降低,tRNA低修饰和蛋白质稳定性缺陷.
- 暴露于AD细胞分泌体减少了ELP3,诱导了tRNA低修饰,并增加了蛋白质聚合.
- 恢复tRNA水平逆转了ELP3减少引起的蛋白质稳定性损伤.
结论:
- 在AD中的粉样蛋白病理通过减少ELP3表达和tRNA修饰来调节蛋白质稳定.
- 向tRNA修改是恢复AD中神经元蛋白质稳定的一个潜在的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
The Unfolded Protein Response
4.7K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
4.7K
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.6K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.6K
Amyloid Fibrils
9.6K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.6K
The Proteasome
886
Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
886
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
3.7K
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
3.7K
Translation
15.0K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
15.0K


