在自由活动的白尾鹿中,SARS-CoV-2的加速进化
Dillon S McBride1, Sofya K Garushyants2, John Franks3
1Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Nature communications
|August 28, 2023
概括
严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 跳到白尾鹿,迅速传播,进化速度比人类快三倍. 鹿的这种加速进化对未来的人类和牲畜健康构成潜在风险.
科学领域:
- * 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- * 病毒的进化过程
- * 动物传播疾病的动态
背景情况:
- *COVID-19大流行病的动物性起源强调了研究非人类宿主中的SARS-CoV-2的必要性.
- *了解病毒生态和动物水库中的进化对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- * 调查SARS-CoV-2在白尾鹿种群中的引入和传播.
- *为了量化与人类相比,鹿中的SARS-CoV-2的进化速率和模式.
- * 评估与野生动物宿主中SARS-CoV-2演变相关的潜在风险.
主要方法:
- * 在美国俄俄州的白尾鹿中检测到SARS-CoV-2 (2021年11月至2022年3月).
- *对传染路线和鹿种群内的地理分布进行分析.
- * 应用贝叶斯系遗传学方法来估计病毒进化速率和选择压力.
主要成果:
- *发现了30多个由人类向白尾鹿传播的SARS-CoV-2的独立引入.
- *持续的鹿对鹿传播发生在数百公里内,持续2至8个月.
- *SARS-CoV-2在鹿的进化速度大约是人类的三倍,具有明显的突变偏差和选择压力.
结论:
- *白尾鹿是SARS-CoV-2的重要宿主,促进了病毒的快速演变.
- *虽然没有观察到关键的表型变化,但加速进化需要继续监测.
- * 未来鹿群病毒变化的可能性对人类和牲畜健康构成风险.
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