看起来更犯罪:它不是那么黑白
Ashley M Meacham1, Heather M Kleider-Offutt2,3, Friederike Funk4
1Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 140 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA. ameacham1@student.gsu.edu.
Memory & cognition
|August 28, 2023
概括
面部表情和犯罪背景对法律判断有很大的影响,尤其对黑人男性来说. 人们对犯罪的看法存在偏见,尤其是在暴力犯罪情景中.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
- 法律心理学 法律心理学
背景情况:
- 以前关于面部结构和性格判断的研究经常使用有限的刺激 (白色面孔).
- 黑人男性在法律体系中面临着系统性的劣势.
- 意识到犯罪和种族对法律判决的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查罪犯的种族和犯罪感受如何与犯罪背景 (暴力与非暴力) 相互作用,以影响法律判断.
- 评估这些因素对犯罪者识别和惩罚严重性的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用混合模型设计,参与者评估黑色和白色的计算机生成面孔,犯罪程度各不相同.
- 面孔与暴力或非暴力犯罪情景一起呈现.
- 参与者对犯罪者进行了识别,并对惩罚的严重性作出了判断.
主要成果:
- 在暴力犯罪场景中,给黑人面孔和高犯罪率面孔分配了更严厉的惩罚.
- 在记忆力衰竭的情况下,或者当犯罪者是黑人时,参与者更有可能识别一个犯罪率更高的面孔.
- 这些效应甚至在种族多样化的样本中也存在.
结论:
- 面部暗示犯罪和犯罪性质严重影响影响个人生计的判断.
- 这项研究强化了将黑人男性与犯罪联系在一起的刻板印象,特别是在暴力犯罪环境中.
- 法律系统的偏见可能会因种族,犯罪感和犯罪严重程度的相互作用而加剧.
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