追踪日常可疑健康行为的变化及其心理根源:一项预先注册的经验抽样研究
L B Lazarević1,2, G Knežević2,3, D Purić2,3
1Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Scientific reports
|August 28, 2023
概括
许多人从事可疑的健康实践,例如故意不遵守医疗建议 (iNAR) 或使用传统/补充/替代医学 (TCAM). 不理性思维强烈预测TCAM使用,而心理因素影响iNAR只有当追溯报告时.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 健康心理学 心理健康心理学
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
背景情况:
- 个人经常采用可疑的健康实践,包括故意不遵守医疗建议 (iNAR) 和使用传统/补充/替代医学 (TCAM).
- 这些行为的回顾性自我报告容易产生回忆和可取性偏见,可能会高估坚持.
- 了解这些做法的日常变化和心理基础对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 追踪iNAR和TCAM使用的每日变化,并将其与回顾性报告的终身使用进行比较.
- 探索心理预测因素 (人格特征,思维倾向,非理性思维方式) 与可疑的健康行为之间的关系.
- 根据评估方法 (每日跟踪与回顾性报告) 区分iNAR与TCAM使用的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一个社区样本 (N=224) 参与了14天的iNAR和TCAM使用的日常自我跟踪.
- 收集的数据产生了3136次每日观察,提供了对行为的细粒度视图.
- 用预先注册的个性,思维倾向和非理性的思维方式来评估心理预测因素.
主要成果:
- 可疑的健康实践,包括iNAR和TCAM的使用,是普遍存在的,每日参与率反映了终身报告.
- iNAR和TCAM使用显示出弱但一致的正相关性.
- 不理性思维方式是TCAM使用的主要预测因素,无论评估方法如何.
- 只有当行为被追溯评估时,INAR的心理预测因素才具有意义.
结论:
- 每日跟踪为可疑健康行为的动态提供了有价值的见解,补充了回顾性数据.
- 不理性的思维方式是TCAM使用的关键心理根源.
- 蓄意不遵守医疗建议 (iNAR) 的心理预测因素在回顾性自我报告中更明显,这表明这些行为是如何回忆的潜在偏见.
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