相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 17, 2025

13:33
Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications
Published on: November 19, 2013
39.0K
从低密度到中密度的SNP芯片对美国杂交的乳牛进行推算的准确性
Vanille Déru1, Francesco Tiezzi2, Paul M VanRaden3
1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607.
Journal of dairy science
|August 29, 2023
概括
在美国杂交的乳牛中,特别是霍尔斯坦 × 泽西,与参考人群中的相关个体相比,计算准确性 (IA) 显著提高. 设计参考种群是提高乳牛基因组学归算准确性的关键.
科学领域:
- 动物基因组学 动物基因组学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 乳牛养殖 乳牛养殖 乳牛养殖
背景情况:
- 准确的基因型归算对于乳牛的基因组评估至关重要.
- 杂交的乳牛种群对归算准确性提出了独特的挑战.
- 参考种群的组成显著影响归算质量.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估指标 (IAm) 和个体 (IAi) 的归算准确性 (IA),在美国霍尔斯坦 × 泽西杂交的乳牛中.
- 评估参考人口组成,包括家庭关系和无关个人,对IA的影响.
- 为了比较杂交动物与纯种荷尔斯坦和泽西动物的IA.
主要方法:
- 用 findhap (版本4) 软件进行基因型归算.
- 测试了七个参考人口场景,不同的家庭关系和包括非相关的个人.
- 荷尔斯坦 × 泽西杂交品种,他们的亲属和纯种动物使用不同密度的SNP芯片 (7K,50K,78K) 进行了基因定型.
主要成果:
- 随着相关个体的增加,IA显著增加,当将父,母和母祖父数据结合起来时,达到90.09 ± 0.06%.
- 当包括相关个体时,IA在纯种动物中 (90.7594.02%) 与杂交动物 (8590%) 相比始终优越.
- 添加无关个体通常会减少IA,除了在一个特定的场景 (SPB+DLD) 中,添加杂交品种可以改善IA.
结论:
- 对于美国霍尔斯坦 × 泽西杂交品种的推算准确度在85%至90%之间.
- 将相关个体纳入参考人群对于改善IA至关重要.
- 战略设计和基准种群的定义对于优化杂交乳牛的归算准确性至关重要.
相关概念视频
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
17.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.7K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
15.2K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
15.2K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.6K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.6K
Incomplete Dominance
22.8K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
22.8K
Heritability
230
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
230

