扩展tRNA甲基转移酶家族成员TRMT9B调节突触生长和功能
Caley A Hogan1, Scott J Gratz2, Jennifer L Dumouchel3
1Genetics Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
EMBO reports
|August 29, 2023
概括
在神经系统中,TRMT9B调节突触的形成和功能. 这项研究揭示了TRMT9B在突触发育和神经传递中的独特作用,突出了tRNA甲基转移酶多样化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 神经系统的功能依赖于神经元之间精确的突触形成.
- 酵母tRNA甲基转移酶9 (Trm9) 的同源TRMT9B被认为是一种瘤抑制剂,但它在神经系统中的作用尚未研究.
- TRMT9B在神经系统中特别丰富,与其无处不在的表达同类物ALKBH8.8不同.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究TRMT9B在Drosophila中突触形成和神经传递中的功能.
- 确定TRMT9B是否具有甲基转移酶活性及其在神经元功能中的特定作用.
主要方法:
- 在Drosophila中生成TRMT9B的零等位基因.
- 对TRMT9B的后突触功能分析.
- 液体染色学-质谱学 (LC-MS) 分析tRNA甲基化.
- 结构建模以评估TRMT9B的甲基转移酶潜力.
- 在体内研究涉及关键甲基转移酶残留物的破坏.
主要成果:
- TRMT9B在 postsynaptically 作用,以调节突触发生和促进神经传递.
- ALKBH8执行了正规的tRNA波动尿素甲基化.
- 结构建模表明TRMT9B保留了甲基转移酶活性.
- 干扰TRMT9B的甲基转移酶残留物会损害突触过度生长的救援,但不会影响神经递质释放.
结论:
- TRMT9B是一种新型调节器,可以调节Drosophila神经系统中突触的形成和功能.
- TRMT9B在突触发育和神经递质释放中表现出不同的作用,可能独立于其正规的甲基转移酶功能.
- tRNA甲基转移酶家族成员的多样化有助于元动物中的专业功能.
相关概念视频
01:00Enzyme-linked Receptors
78.7K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
78.7K
02:36Transfer RNA Synthesis
12.0K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
12.0K
01:29Translational Regulation
42
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
42