自闭症谱系障碍患者的睡眠障碍:父母的观点
Katerina Bernardi1, Federica Prono1, Ginevra Bruni2
1Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Sapienza University, Human Neurosciences, Rome, Italy.
Sleep medicine
|August 29, 2023
概括
失眠在自闭症患者中很常见,影响行为和家庭生活. 黑素可能有帮助,但不安睡眠需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
背景情况:
- 在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人群中,经常报告睡眠障碍 (SD).
- 了解ASD的患病率,并发症和影响对于改善ASD患者及其家人的生活质量至关重要.
- 之前的研究强调了需要有效的干预措施和进一步调查具体的睡眠问题.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症患者睡眠障碍 (SD) 的患病率.
- 确定相关的并发症,常见的干预措施,以及SDs对家庭的影响.
- 在这个人群中比较当前和过去的睡眠障碍.
主要方法:
- 意大利全国自闭症患者家长协会 (ANGSA) 的成员接受了一项匿名在线调查.
- 该调查收集了人口统计数据,并发症信息和睡眠障碍细节,使用修改后的儿童睡眠障碍量表 (SDSC).
- 这项研究包括143名参与者:90人目前患有SD (C_SD) 和53人以前患有SD (P_SD).
主要成果:
- 失眠,特别是难以入睡和不安睡眠,在当前和过去的SD群体中都非常普遍.
- 睡眠卫生做法在不到三分之一的案例中是有效的.
- 黑色素是最常用的药理干预药物,其次是抗组胺剂,二,抗精神病药物和抗抑郁药,报告的疗效约为60-70%.
结论:
- 失眠是自闭症患者的一个重要问题,它会影响儿童的行为和家庭的福祉.
- 在这个人群中,黑素可能对睡眠障碍有好处.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解自闭症患者不安睡眠的原因.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
139
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
139
Nightmares and Night Terrors
116
Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
Nightmares...
116
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
248
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
248
Modeling in Therapy
119
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
119
Social Anxiety Disorder
60
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
60
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
60
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
60


