高温和城市创业水平:来自中国的证据
Yuanshuang Zhao1, Liang Dong2, Jiaying Li3
1Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; School of Energy and Environment (SEE), City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong; Department of Public and International Affairs (PIA), City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong.
The Science of the total environment
|August 29, 2023
概括
高温对城市创业产生负面影响,降低了0.47%. 这种气候变化影响使创业环境恶化,影响人力资本和创新.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 城市研究 城市研究
- 创业研究 创业研究
背景情况:
- 气候变化和全球气温上升带来了多方面的挑战.
- 了解环境变化的社会经济影响对于可持续发展至关重要.
- 创业是经济增长和创新的关键驱动力.
研究的目的:
- 调查高温对城市创业水平的影响.
- 分析温度影响企业活动的调解机制.
- 探索不同城市特征的温度影响的变化.
主要方法:
- 对来自中国281个县城 (2000-2017年) 的数据进行经济学分析.
- 估计30°C以上天气对创业率的影响.
- 基于城市工业结构,规模和层次的异质性分析.
主要成果:
- 一天温度高于30°C,城市企业家精神显著下降0.47%.
- 具有先进的工业结构,更大的规模和更大的层次结构的城市受到影响较小.
- 高温对创业产生负面影响,降低创业环境,减少人力资本,阻碍创新,财政支持和经济发展.
结论:
- 气候变化,特别是高温,对城市创业构成了切实的威胁.
- 政策干预应考虑环境因素,以促进有弹性的创业生态系统.
- 这些发现有助于了解气候变化对创业的经济后果.
相关概念视频
01:20Hot Weather Concreting
88
Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
88
01:27Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature
36
Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
36
01:50Global Climate Change
24.5K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.5K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.6K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.6K
01:27Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving
1.2K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
1.2K
02:28Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate
4.2K
The Arrhenius equation,
4.2K