游泳中的血红蛋白质量和血液体积:训练有素,精英和世界级游泳者的比较
Iñigo Mujika1,2, Grégoire P Millet3, Irina Zelenkova4
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Basque Country.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|August 29, 2023
概括
总血红蛋白质量 (tHbmass) 和血液体积 (BV) 在不同口径或距离的精英游泳者之间没有显著差异. 这些血液学因素与竞争性游泳表现没有相关性,这表明与陆地耐力运动相比,其影响较小.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 总血红蛋白质量 (tHbmass) 和血液体积 (BV) 对于最大的氧气吸收和耐力至关重要.
- 精英耐力运动员通常表现出更高的tHb质量和BV.
- 在不同口径和距离的游泳者中了解这些参数是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同竞争级别的游泳者之间的tHbmass和BV.
- 根据游泳比赛距离调查tHb质量和BV的差异.
- 为了确定tHb质量,BV和竞技游泳表现之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 30名游泳运动员 (16名女子,14名男子) 分为世界级,精英和训练有素.
- 使用一氧化碳再呼吸测量tHb质量和BV.
- 游泳者专注于从200米到10公里的距离的开放水域活动.
主要成果:
- 在两性竞争层之间没有发现相对tHbmass或BV的显著差异.
- 在游泳池和开放水域游泳者之间或在不同比赛距离之间没有观察到tHbmass或BV的差异.
- 不管比赛距离如何,在tHbmass/BV和FINA点之间没有发现显著的相关性.
结论:
- tHb质量和BV并没有通过竞争力或比赛距离来区分游泳者.
- 与陆地耐力运动相比,血液学特征在游泳表现方面似乎没有那么明显的作用.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索其他影响游泳成功的生理或生物力学因素.
相关概念视频
Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments
793
Life's biochemical processes occur within aqueous solutions. Solutes are substances that are dissolved within these solutions. The human body contains a variety of solutes, which can differ across various body parts. These can encompass proteins—such as those responsible for clotting and carbohydrate transport—as well as electrolytes. In medicine, an electrolyte is often described as a mineral ion derived from a salt possessing an electric charge. Examples include sodium ions...
793
Oxygen Transport in the Blood
2.8K
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
2.8K
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume
3.1K
Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
3.1K
Exercise and Cardiac Output
1.1K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
1.1K
Hemoglobin
3.7K
Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
3.7K
Veins as Blood Reservoirs
5.8K
Veins, while chiefly responsible for circulating blood back to the heart, also function as storage vessels for blood. They house approximately 64 percent of the body's total blood volume, a feat made possible by their high capacitance—the inherent ability to expand and accommodate large volumes of blood, even under low pressure. The large diameter and thin walls of veins augment their distensibility, significantly more so than arteries, due to their classification as capacitance...
5.8K


