应用德尔菲方法来优先考虑影响六岁以下儿童发展的社会因素
Mitra Sadrkhanlou1, Ali Maher2, Khalil Alimohammadzadeh1,3
1Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
BMC public health
|August 29, 2023
概括
家庭因素是六岁以下儿童健康的最关键的社会决定因素. 国际计划和政策也对儿童健康发展产生重大影响,指导未来的健康战略.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 健康的社会决定因素显著影响儿童早期发育 (婴儿到六岁).
- 由于这些因素,生活条件的差异在情感,心理,社会和智力发展方面造成了不平等.
- 了解这些影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个优先考虑影响六岁以下儿童发展的社会因素的模型.
- 确定影响儿童成长和福祉的关键社会经济决定因素.
- 为儿童福利制定基于证据的健康政策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一种混合方法的方法,将定量和定性数据分析结合起来.
- 使用德尔菲技术与12名医学专家一起选指标.
- 使用决策试验和评估实验室 (DEMATEL) 方法和超级决策软件来分析因果关系.
主要成果:
- 确定了五个关键维度:个人,家庭,环境,治理和全球因素.
- "家庭因素"成为影响儿童发展的最高优先事项.
- 在子标准中",国际计划和政策"得到了最大的优先级.
结论:
- 优先考虑家庭因素和国际政策对于改善儿童健康结果至关重要.
- 卫生政策制定者和从业人员必须认识到社会经济条件对儿童的影响深远.
- 关于社会决定因素的科学证据可以指导改善儿童健康的有效策略.
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