小脑和基底腺输入定义了小鼠腹部运动体的三大核心
Carmen Alonso-Martínez1, Mario Rubio-Teves1, César Porrero1
1Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in neuroanatomy
|August 30, 2023
概括
这项研究绘制了大脑和基底细胞输入的图表,揭示了深大脑核 (DCN) 和基底细胞输出的不同区域. 这项工作提出了小鼠腹部运动核组织的新模型.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 大脑解剖学 大脑解剖学
背景情况:
- 泰拉马斯对于运动控制至关重要,它连接皮层和皮层下系统.
- 大脑 (DCN) 和基底 (SNr,GPi/ENT) 的输出大大影响着体功能.
- 动物模型对于运动系统研究至关重要,但体输入映射还不完整.
研究的目的:
- 为了绘制小脑 (DCN) 和基底腺 (SNr,GPi/ENT) 输入在小鼠体内核的分布图.
- 根据神经递质标记物 (vGLUT2和vGAT) 划分不同的领土.
- 建议修订小鼠腹部运动核的组织,以输入模式为基础.
主要方法:
- 使用向标签来追踪DCN,SNR和GPi/ENT的轴突.
- 采用了对谷氨酸 (vGLUT2) 和GABAergic (vGAT) 标记物的免疫标记来定义乳头区域.
- 分析了轴突变形的大小和在这些区域内的分布.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个主要的腹部核领土:vGLUT2丰富和vGAT丰富.
- DCN的输入针对这两个部门,在vGAT丰富的地区的变异性较小.
- SNr输入仅针对vGAT丰富的部门,而GPi/ENT输入则针对其中的一个小型重叠区域.
结论:
- 来自DCN,SNR和GPi/ENT的输入模式在小鼠腹部丘脑内定义了不同的功能区域.
- 提出了对小鼠腹部运动核的新划分,该划分与输入组织和灵长类动物解剖学保持一致.
- 这种精细的地图对于理解小鼠的运动规划,执行和学习至关重要.
相关概念视频
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay
1.7K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
1.7K
Brainstem
2.2K
The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
2.2K
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions
1.8K
The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
1.8K
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination
1.6K
The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
1.6K
Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla
1.7K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
1.7K
Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions
2.2K
The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...
2.2K


