深度神经网络对大脑年龄的估计对认知障碍和认知衰退很敏感
Yisu Yang1, Aditi Sathe1, Kurt Schilling2,3
1Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA, 37212.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 30, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的免费水校正扩散MRI方法来预测大脑年龄,显示它是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 认知衰退的敏感生物标志物. 综合方法显著提高了预测准确性和认知关联.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 年龄是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的主要危险因素,与正常衰老相比,有明显的脑缩模式.
- 使用神经成像和深度学习来预测大脑年龄,作为AD生物标志物显示出有前途.
- 以前的方法在扩散MRI (dMRI) 中经常忽略部分体积效应.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种免费水 (FW) 校正的dMRI方法,用于增强大脑年龄预测.
- 评估FW校正的dMRI,T1加权的MRI和联合特征在预测大脑年龄方面的性能.
- 研究预测的大脑年龄与健康对照组和轻度认知障碍患者的认知功能之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用先进的FW校正技术进行后处理的dMRI扫描,以获得FW校正的分数异构 (FAFWcorr) 和FW地图.
- 开发了三种密集连接的神经网络,使用FW校正的dMRI,T1加权的MRI,并结合FW+T1特征来预测大脑年龄.
- 分析了实际年龄,预测的大脑年龄和截面/纵向认知指标 (记忆,执行功能) 之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 所有模型都准确地预测了认知不受损 (CU) 控制对象的实际年龄,FW+T1模型显示了最高的准确性 (r=0.77).
- 模型成功地区分了CU和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 参与者,FW+T1表现最强 (p=0.003).
- 所有模型中预测的大脑年龄都与记忆和执行功能的横截面和纵向认知表现显著相关.
结论:
- 经FW校正的dMRI和T1加权的MRI测量显著提高了大脑年龄预测的准确性.
- 预测的大脑年龄作为评估认知状态和预测认知衰退的敏感生物标志物.
- 这种先进的神经成像方法有可能改善AD的诊断和监测.
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