口服SARS-CoV-2宿主反应预测了COVID-19早期疾病过程
William T Seaman1, Olive Keener2, Wenwen Mei2
1National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health.
Research square
|August 30, 2023
概括
口服液检测到SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 和宿主反应. 口服病毒持久性与症状和早期免疫反应相关,具有潜在宿主蛋白模仿性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 口服液提供了一种非侵入性方法来检测SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 和相关的主体免疫反应.
- 了解口腔病毒泄露和抗体存在的动态对于管理COVID-19传播和疾病进展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查口服SARS-CoV-2病毒载量,特定抗体水平 (IgM和IgG) 和临床症状之间的关系.
- 为了确定口腔病毒标记物和免疫反应的持续时间.
- 探索N-抗原检测试验与宿主唾液蛋白的潜在交叉反应.
主要方法:
- 从47名SARS-CoV-2RT-qPCR阳性受试者 (无症状和有症状) 中收集了唾液和喉清洗样本.
- 使用RT-qPCR,免疫斑块和侧流测定 (LFA) 评估了SARS-CoV-2病毒RNA (亚基因组RNA),N-抗原和抗SARS-CoV-2特定的IgM和IgG抗体.
- 进行了结构分析,以确定类似的宿主唾液蛋白.
主要成果:
- 口服N-抗原经常被检测到,并且在大多数受试者中持续至少4周.
- 有症状的个体在基线显示复制相关的病毒RNA,高IgG阳性和可检测的IgM,在4周内抗体水平持久.
- 口服IgG与鼻PCR阳性有很强的相关性,而口服IgM水平与症状严重程度 (咳,疲劳,恶心,虚弱) 有负相关性,与女性性别有积极相关性.
结论:
- 口服病毒复制和持久性与特定症状,早期抗体反应 (IgM/IgG) 和早期SARS-CoV-2感染期间的性别有关.
- 口服液中的N抗原检测可能会受到类似宿主蛋白质的结构模仿的影响,这会影响诊断准确度.
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