在瘤微环境中,HIF驱动的免疫抑制机制
Shinjini Bandopadhyay1, Somi Patranabis2
1Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
|August 30, 2023
概括
由低氧诱导因素 (HIFs) 驱动的瘤缺氧促进免疫逃避和治疗抵抗. 针对HIF提供了一个有希望的策略,以增强抗瘤免疫力和改善临床结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 缺氧在固体瘤中很普遍,损害了癌细胞的氧气供应.
- 瘤缺氧严重影响抗瘤免疫力,瘤异质性和治疗耐药性.
- 低氧诱导因子 (HIF) 是关键调节者,由低氧激活,驱动瘤免疫逃避.
研究的目的:
- 提供对癌症中HIF介导机制的全面审查.
- 阐明HIF如何调节免疫抑制分子和免疫检查点.
- 了解HIF在破坏癌症免疫性和诱导免疫疗法耐药性的作用.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于缺氧和癌症中的HIF信号.
- 分析将HIF与免疫逃避联系起来的分子机制.
- 综合关于HIF对癌症免疫性和治疗耐药性的影响数据.
主要成果:
- 高瘤抑制因子在瘤微环境中协调免疫抑制因子的表达.
- HIF信号破坏了身体的天然抗瘤免疫反应.
- HIFs对各种免疫疗法的耐药性有显著的贡献.
结论:
- HIF是低氧瘤免疫微环境的中央调节者.
- 准HIF途径是一个可行的策略,以克服免疫逃避和免疫疗法耐药性.
- 了解HIF功能对于开发新的癌症治疗方法至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
6.7K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.7K
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.6K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.6K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
555
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
555
02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K
01:01Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.2K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.2K
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.7K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.7K