在12个撒哈拉以南非洲国家实施强制性疫苗接种覆盖,这是COVID-19大流行后的两年
Ramy Mohamed Ghazy1, Assem Gebreal2, Marina Raouf Abdelmessih Saleeb3
1Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Journal of community health
|August 30, 2023
概括
尽管COVID-19影响了卫生服务,但12个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的强制性疫苗接种覆盖率达到73.1%. 父母的看法,包括感知到的风险和疫苗的必要性,显著影响了接种疫苗的决定.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行给医疗保健系统带来了重大挑战.
- 了解疫苗接种覆盖率对于维持公共卫生至关重要,特别是在流行病后.
- 健康信念模型为分析包括疫苗接种在内的健康行为提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 评估12个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的强制性疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 用健康信念模型确定疫苗接种覆盖率的决定因素.
- 为旨在增加疫苗接受率和覆盖率的干预措施提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在2022年11月1日至12月15日期间进行了一项横截面调查.
- 分析了5032名受访者的数据,使用多变量逻辑回归.
- 健康信念模型指导了对影响疫苗接种的因素的调查.
主要成果:
- 总体上,强制性疫苗接种覆盖率为73.1%,不同国家有很大差异 (加纳的36.5%,布基纳法索和刚果的92.0%).
- 与未接种疫苗相关的因素包括母亲年龄较大,母亲教育水平较低,儿童年龄较大,儿童患有慢性疾病以及医疗保健供不应求.
- 感知到的疾病风险低,认为疫苗不必要,以及信息提供效率低下,与较低的疫苗接种率有关,而感知到的疫苗安全性增加了覆盖率.
结论:
- 父母对疾病风险,疫苗的必要性和安全性的看法是影响强制性疫苗接种的关键因素.
- 解决诸如医疗保健可访问性和提高疫苗信息有效性的障碍至关重要.
- 干预措施必须考虑家长的信仰和担忧,以提高撒哈拉以南非洲的疫苗接种率和覆盖率.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
44.7K
Overview
44.7K
Principles of Disease Surveillance
122
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
122
Cross-reactivity
31.2K
Overview
31.2K
Subviral Agents
41
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
41
Preventive Healthcare Services
1.0K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.0K
Cancer Vaccines
400
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
400


