在眼睛凝视处理过程中异常有效的连接性与精神分裂症的社会功能和症状有关
Scott D Blain1, Stephan F Taylor2, Carly A Lasagna3
1Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
|August 30, 2023
概括
精神分裂症患者在视线处理过程中表现出改变的大脑连接,影响社会功能. 在精神分裂症患者中,更强的自上而下的抑制与更多的社会功能障碍相关,但症状较少.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症与异常的视线处理和社会功能障碍有关.
- 视觉,社会认知和认知控制区域的异常大脑连接是这些缺陷的基础.
- 这项研究调查了在凝视处理过程中精神分裂症中被破坏的有效连接.
研究的目的:
- 检查精神分裂症患者在视线处理过程中的有效连接性是如何改变的.
- 确定这些连接性变化对社会功能障碍和临床症状的贡献.
主要方法:
- 39名患有精神分裂症/精神分裂情绪障碍 (SZ) 的患者和33名健康对照在眼睛凝视任务期间接受了fMRI.
- 参与者观察不同视角的面孔,进行明确和隐含的视线处理.
- 动态因果建模分析了二级视觉皮层,后部上部角,下侧顶叶片和后部中部前皮层之间的连接性.
主要成果:
- 两组都显示了类似的一般视线处理网络结构.
- 显而易见的目光歧视揭示了有效连接的改变,包括自下而上的和自上而下的调制.
- 与健康对照群不同的是,精神分裂症患者表现出从后部中枢前皮层到其他区域的减弱的自上而下的抑制.
结论:
- 精神分裂症患者在明确的目光歧视过程中表现出更强的自上而下的抑制.
- 这种增加的抑制与增加的社会功能障碍有关,但症状严重程度降低.
- 研究结果确定了异常视线处理的神经机制,建议用于神经调节和社会认知训练干预的目标.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:17Accessory Structures of the Eye
1.6K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
1.6K
01:30Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions
164
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
164
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
125
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
125
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
83
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
83
01:24Prosopagnosia
206
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
206
01:17Schizophrenia
130
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
130