猎物类型对小企 (Eudyptula minor) 的能量影响
Natalie Petrovski1, Grace J Sutton1,2, John P Y Arnould1
1School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
Royal Society open science
|August 31, 2023
概括
小企使用独特的食策略,并消耗多样化的猎物,包括波鱼. 动物携带的摄像机显示,猎物追逐和处理时间影响了它们的能量增长和食效率.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生态能源学 生态能源学
背景情况:
- 食效率对于动物的生存至关重要,受猎物追逐和处理时间的影响.
- 这些指标在野生种群中很难量化,这限制了我们对食策略的理解.
- 小企 (Eudyptula minor) 是重要的海洋捕食者,其食行为尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究小企的食行为,猎物类型,以及捕食者与猎物相互作用的能量后果.
- 为了记录以前未被描述的食策略和猎物消费模式.
- 评估动物携带摄像机在研究海洋捕食者食方面的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用动物携带的摄像头对来自澳大利亚巴斯海峡两个殖民地32只小企进行测试.
- 记录和分析捕食者与猎物的相互作用,包括猎物的类型,追逐时间和处理时间.
- 量化了不同猎物物品的能量利能力.
主要成果:
- 观察到七种主要猎物类型的消费,包括鱼 (Macroramphosus scolopax).
- 记录了新的食策略,例如在水母附近捕捉猎物或从触角捕捉猎物.
- 发现猎物追捕和处理时间平均为2秒,根据猎物类型而异.
- 观察到猎物利能力,能源成本和捕获率之间的权衡,消费更多的低利性猎物.
结论:
- 动物传播的视频数据记录器是研究海洋掠食者食适应的有效工具.
- 小企表现出多样化,以前未经记录的食策略.
- 猎物的利能力和捕获率影响小企的食决策,突出了能量摄入和支出之间的平衡.
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