在三个北欧国家的COVID-19大流行期间,在封锁措施下的酒精消费在三个北欧国家
Oscar Gunnerlind1, Robert Lundqvist2, Michael Ott3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
The International journal of social psychiatry
|August 31, 2023
概括
芬兰,挪威和瑞典的酒精销售在COVID-19大流行期间基本保持不变,最初的增加与季节性模式保持一致,而不是大流行限制.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 酒精消费研究 饮酒研究
背景情况:
- 最初的COVID-19流行病担忧表明酒精消费增加,但早期的自我报告调查表明酒精消费有所下降.
- 自我报告的酒精使用数据可能低估了实际消费,并且依赖于人口.
- 芬兰,挪威和瑞典的集中酒精销售提供了一个独特的机会,可以评估大流行期间的国内消费,不受私人进口或自我报告偏见的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查国家COVID-19限制与酒精销售之间的相关性.
- 分析芬兰,挪威和瑞典在疫情最初两年的国内酒精消费总量.
主要方法:
- 一个镜像研究设计,比较COVID-19流行病的前两年的酒精销售数据与前两年的数据.
- 从芬兰,挪威和瑞典的集中供应商那里分析酒精销售数据.
- 包括季节性变化 (白天的时间) 作为潜在的混因素.
主要成果:
- 芬兰和瑞典在疫情期间的酒精销售没有显著变化.
- 挪威的酒精销售水平发生了变化,这可能归因于进口减少.
- 这三个国家的酒精销售都表现出季节性模式,最初与大流行有关的销售增长与之前存在的季节性变化相吻合.
结论:
- 在芬兰,挪威和瑞典,COVID-19疫情对酒精消费的影响不如预期那么明显.
- 流行病开始时观察到的酒精销售增加与季节性模式有关,而不仅仅是流行病引起的行为.
- 在从短期数据中得出结论时,可能会出现归因偏差; 长期观点和考虑混因素至关重要.
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