阶段转变改善了肺癌的生存率:现实世界的证据
Ching-Yao Yang1, Yen-Ting Lin2, Li-Ju Lin3
1Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
概括
台湾 台湾 台湾 台湾
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一.
- 台湾从1997年开始实施健康政策,包括戒烟,精密治疗和低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT) 查.
- 研究这些政策对肺癌存活率的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估公共卫生政策对台湾肺癌存活率的影响.
- 分析肺癌发病率,死亡率和生存率的趋势.
- 评估LDCT查对早期检测和生存结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用全国癌症登记数据 (1994-2020年) 来查看吸烟的流行,发病率和死亡率.
- 在国家台湾大学医院对17298名肺癌患者 (2006-2019) 进行了回顾性分析.
- 检查了与政策实施时期相关的临床特征和生存数据.
主要成果:
- 肺癌发病率上升,但每年死亡率下降速度加速.
- 台湾国立大学医院的五年生存率从22.1% (2006-2011) 显著提高到54.9% (2015-2020).
- 观察到向早期癌症阶段 (0-II) 的实质性转变,从19.3%增加到62.8%,推动了生存率的改善,特别是在晚期.
结论:
- 现实世界的证据将改善的肺癌存活率与LDCT查联系起来.
- 从晚期到早期的肺癌的诊断转移与更好的结果有关.
- 通过查及早检测对于有效控制肺癌至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis
381
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
381
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
01:26COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
244
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
244
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K
02:07Tumor Progression
6.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.4K
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.7K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.7K