美国非职业性暴露后预防的趋势
Carter D McCormick1, Patrick S Sullivan2, Dima M Qato3,4
1Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois.
AIDS (London, England)
|August 31, 2023
概括
非职业暴露后预防 (nPEP) 的使用从2010年到2019年在全国范围内显著增加. 然而,在不同的人口群体中,获取和利用情况各不相同,这凸显了针对性干预措施的必要性,以确保公平的艾滋病毒预防.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防艾滋病毒 预防艾滋病毒
背景情况:
- 非职业性暴露后预防 (nPEP) 是预防潜在暴露后人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 传播的关键工具.
- 了解nPEP使用的国家趋势对于评估其公共卫生影响和识别差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述2010年至2019年期间在美国使用非职业暴露后预防 (nPEP) 的全国年率.
- 分析不同人口分组的nPEP使用趋势,并将其与HIV诊断率进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用商业保险人的药房索赔数据 (2010-2019) 的回顾性队列研究.
- 鉴定13岁以上的nPEP使用者,遵守CDC指南.
- 分析按性别,年龄和地区分层的nPEP率,与艾滋病毒诊断率进行定性比较.
- 连接点分析,以确定nPEP使用趋势的拐点.
主要成果:
- 共有11,397名nPEP使用者被确定,平均年龄为33.7岁;64.6%是男性.
- 从2010年 (1.42/100,000名入学者) 到2019年 (8.71/10,000名入学者) 的nPEP使用增加了515%.
- nPEP使用率通常反映了各子组的艾滋病毒诊断率,从2012年至2015年有显著增长,从2015年至2019年有适度增长.
结论:
- 在美国,nPEP的使用量从2010年到2019年显著增长.
- 在所有风险群体中,nPEP使用的增加并不均,这表明在获取机会方面存在潜在的差异.
- 建议采取政策干预措施来解决障碍,并改善作为艾滋病毒预防策略的nPEP的公平获取.
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