出生体重点和妊娠年龄与5岁时的认知表现的关联
Robert Eves1,2, Dieter Wolke2, Juliane Spiegler3
1Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
JAMA network open
|August 31, 2023
概括
出生体重百分位数 (BWPs) 和妊娠年龄与认知表现有关. 对于按期出生的婴儿来说,出生体重低于第三百分位数与较低的智商相关,这表明比传统的第10百分位数更敏感的门.
科学领域:
- 新生儿发育的新生儿发展
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 儿科卫生健康 儿科卫生健康
背景情况:
- 出生体重百分位数 (BWPs) 通常分为第10百分位数,显示出与儿童认知表现的联系.
- 目前关于BWP与认知结果之间的非线性关联的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 检查BWP与妊娠年龄之间的文化不变,非线性关系,以及随后的认知表现.
- 为了确定传统的BWP的第10百分点截止值是否是识别认知差异的最佳选择.
主要方法:
- 来自2000年至2004年间出生儿童的四大观察队列 (千年队列研究,NLSY79,在爱尔兰成长,LSAC) 的数据汇总.
- 根据父母报告的新生儿数据,使用芬顿生长图表计算BWP.
- 通过来自大约5岁多项测试的智商得分来评估认知表现,并使用多变量自适应回归线进行分析.
主要成果:
- 随着BWP从第一个百分点上升到第69个百分点,观察到智商的线性增加 (4.2分),之后智商趋于平稳.
- 在怀孕32周之前,智商每周增加1.3个点,之后每周增加0.3个点.
- 对于按期出生的婴儿,只有当出生体重低于第三百分点时,智商才明显低于平均水平;这种关联没有受到妊娠年龄的调节.
结论:
- 较低的BWP和妊娠年龄独立地与IQ降低有关.
- 出生体重的第三百分位可能比第10百分位更具有临床意义的临床值,用于识别术后婴儿的有意义的认知差异.
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